Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) refers to surgical procedures that are performed through small incisions or natural body openings (such as the mouth or nostrils) using specialized instruments and advanced imaging techniques. The goal of minimally invasive surgery is to accomplish the same surgical objectives as traditional open surgery while minimizing trauma to surrounding tissues and reducing recovery times.

Key features of minimally invasive surgery include:

Small incisions: Minimally invasive procedures typically involve smaller incisions compared to traditional open surgery. These incisions may range from a few millimeters to a few centimeters in size, depending on the specific procedure and surgical approach.

• Specialized instruments: Minimally invasive surgeries utilize specialized instruments, including endoscopes (thin tubes with cameras and lights), laparoscopes, and robotic-assisted surgical systems. These instruments allow surgeons to access and visualize the surgical site with precision and control.
• Advanced imaging: Minimally invasive procedures often incorporate advanced imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy, ultrasound, or computed tomography (CT) scans to guide the surgeon's movements and ensure accuracy during the procedure.
• Tissue-sparing techniques: Minimally invasive surgery aims to minimize disruption to surrounding tissues and organs by using techniques that allow for precise targeting of the surgical site. This can help reduce postoperative pain, scarring, and recovery times.
• Faster recovery: Because minimally invasive surgery involves smaller incisions and less tissue trauma, patients typically experience shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and quicker return to normal activities compared to traditional open surgery.